Re: What Is an XLR input
An interface typically also has microphone preamps - the preamp is the the component behind the XLR connector that allows you to set gain levels and interprets the signal coming from the mic - it sort of boosts the signal into something usable. Also, some mics known as condenser mics, require what's known as phantom power. The difference between a condenser and and a dynamic mic, at least from my understanding is this:
A dynamic mic capsule produces a mic signal by interpreting vibrations which are then converted into a very low electrical signal - that's why you need the preamp.
A condenser mic has two electrical contacts on a diaphragm and that electrically charged diaphragm then picks up and converts sound waves hitting it. Condenser mics, due to the fact that they are pre-powered, are typically a lot more sensitive and don't need nearly as much gain from the preamp.
That's probably a really bad explanation, but it's my low-level understanding of it.
There are also ribbon mics, but that's probably not something you'll get into any time soon.
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